مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 243 (هفته اول شهریور 1392)

A seizure is the physical findings or changes in behavior occur after an episode of abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Seizures may interfere with cardiorespiratory function and with nutrition and may have detrimental long-term effects on cerebral development. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is essential in diagnosis and management of seizures. Automatic seizure detection is very important in clinical practice and has to be achieved by analyzing the EEG.

For automatic seizure detection، we used Gaussian process (GP) model and train it on the EEG signals recorded from some children between the ages of 1. 5 to 16 years. After modeling EEG signal by GP model، two measures of output signal were derived: the variance of the predicted signal and the hyperparameter ratio. It was based on the hypotheses that because the EEG signal during seizure events is more deterministic and rhythmic، we can use the changing of these two criteria for seizure detection.

During seizure events، the variance of the model output signal reduced and the hayperparameter ratio increased. The second measure was less successful but it had other advantages like robustness to model order selection.

The GP modeling is a good method for seizure detection. Important objectives are to perform this detection as quickly، efficiently and accurately as possible. In this method، decisions are made accurate and with negligible delay. Keywords: Seizure detection، Gaussian process (GP) model، Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal

Drug addiction is one of the social damages that researchers have tried to find suitable strategies for prevention and treatment of it. Meanwhile، short-term physical activity is acceptable parameter for treatment and prevention of addiction. On the other hand، prefrontal cortex، for a long time as mediating، is involved in many of the complex behavioral responses، especially those associated with addiction and drug abuse. In this paper، the effects of short-term physical activity (treadmill running) on withdrawal symptom with or without mPFC area have been evaluated. This experimental study was done on Wistar rats weighing 250 ± 300 g separated to four groups: control، shame، test 1 and test 2; one of the test groups had surgery and lesion on mPFC area. For studying the effects of short-term physical activity، we used treadmill with adjustable speed of 17 m/minute and a 15-degrees slope; after the injection of three doses of morphine، 10، 20، 40 mg in 9 days and running on the treadmill، in the tenth day، the symptoms of addiction were evaluated. The morphine injection and running on the treadmill without mPFC region destruction tended to decreasing morphine tendency. There was a significant difference between the rats، with or without mPFC area، received morphine but did not run on the treadmill in morphine tendency (P < 0. 05). It seems that short-term physical activity (treadmill running) decreases the tendency of using morphine with mPFC area in comparison with other groups، especially with group operated in their mPFC area.

Nowadays، overuse of the antibiotics culminates in existence of antibiotic resistant bacteria with high frequency. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important pathogenic bacteria because of its resistance to beta lactam antibiotics. This character in Pseudomonas aerugionsa occurs because of extended spectrum β lactamase (ESBL) genes، which carry by transposons، plasmids and mutation. Therefore، the present study aimed to evaluate frequency of existence of OXA، PER، CTX-M1، CTX-M2 and CTX-M genes in pathogenic Pseudomonas aerugionsa isolates from different hospitals in Shiraz، Iran. The pathogenic bacteria were isolated from hospitals in Shiraz during six months. Then، the isolates were identified and their antimicrobial sensitivity assessed by antibiogram test. In addition، ESBL genes in Pseudomonas aerugionsa were tested by disk double diffusion. Afterward، DNA of the isolates was extracted and the genes amplified by PCR method. Out of 728 bacteria isolated from the clinical samples obtained from the patients of the hospitals in Shiraz، 62 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates harbored ESBL genes. The high level resistance character of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates was related to erythromycin، ampicillin، tetracycline and imipenem. In additiont highest frequency of ESBL was related to OXA-10، PER-1، CTX-M1، CTX-M2 and CTX-M3. All of the antibiotic resistant genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa located in choromosom. Hence، more investigations on ESBL genes such as OXA and the other genes in Pseudomonas areuginosa are necessary.

Formaldehyde، as a ubiquitous environmental pollutant، is extensively used in industrial and hospitals settings. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective role of manganese on testis structure and sperm parameters in adult mice exposed to formaldehyde (FA). After dose optimizing for FA and manganese chloride، twenty adult male NMRI mice were selected and randomly divided into four groups: (i) control، (ii) sham، (iii) FA-exposed، and (iv) FA and manganese chloride exposed. The FA-exposed groups received 10 mg/ kg FA daily for 14 days، and 5 mg/kg manganese chloride was just injected intraperitoneally on 2nd week. Mice were sacrificed، and spermatozoa were collected from the cauda of the right epididymis and analyzed for count، motility، morphology and viability. The other testicular tissues were weighed and prepared for histological examination upon removal. Seminiferous tubules، lumen diameters and epithelium thickness were also measured. The findings revealed that FA significantly reduced the testicular weight، sperm count، motility، viability and normal morphology compared with control group (P ≤ 0. 05). In addition، seminiferous tubules atrophied and seminiferous epithelial cells disintegrated in the FA group in comparison with the control group (P ≤ 0. 05). However، manganese improved the testicular structure and sperm parameters in FA-treated mice testes (P ≤ 0. 05). According to the results، manganese has protective effects on mice epididymal sperm parameters and testis structure treated with FA.

Balantidiasis is a disease can be manifested with acute clinical presentations which mimic lymphoma. In this article، we have been reported balantidiasis in a young immunocompetent person suspicious to lymphoma. This may be the first reported case of balantidiasis in an immunocompetent person in Iran. Case Report: In an 18-years-old man، the disease was initiated with abdominal pain and weight loss. His abdominal pain was associated with fever، chills، dysentery and tenesmus. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy was done with suspicion to lymphoma. There was not any presentation of malignancy in his aspiration and biopsy. With these findings، he became candidate for diagnostic laparatomy and biopsy of affected tissues. Balantidiasis was considered according to the pathologic report of parasitic granulomatosis infection and his dramatic response to doxycycline. This case، and the same، previously reported cases، suggest that parasitic granulomatosis infection-like balantidiasis should be considered as other differential diagnosis particularly in patients with complaint of fever، hepatosplenomegaly، weight loss and lymphadenopathy.